In "Poor Charlie's Almanack," several virtues and vices are discussed. The virtues include building trust in your network, deserving success, being reliable, practicing patience and decisiveness, and respecting others. On the other hand, the vices involve bad accounting practices, negative emotions like envy and self-pity, lack of integrity, self-serving bias, facing consequences for flaws, paradoxes in economics, foolishness, lack of focus, exceeding one's competence, curiosity, preparation and hard work, and seeing challenges as opportunities to behave well. These teachings emphasize the importance of integrity, trust, hard work, and self-awareness in leading a successful and fulfilling life.